Answer:
The endocrine system, also known as the hormonal system, uses hormones to communicate with different parts of the body. Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream, which then travel to target cells and cause a specific effect. Hormones can act like a lock and key, binding to receptors within cells to alter proteins or turn on genes that build new proteins. This hormone-receptor complex can switch on or off biological processes in cells, tissues, and organs
The endocrine system regulates many body functions, including:
Growth
The thyroid gland produces hormones that control growth and metabolism. If the thyroid doesn't produce enough hormones, a condition called hypothyroidism, it can cause a slower heart rate, constipation, and weight gain. If the thyroid produces too much, a condition called hyperthyroidism, it can cause a faster heart rate, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Reproduction
The ovaries produce estrogen, which promotes uterine growth and female secondary sex characteristics. The ovaries also produce progesterone, which helps maintain the uterine lining, which is important for fetal development. The testes produce androgens, such as testosterone, which helps develop male secondary sex characteristics and sperm cells.
Stress response
Cortisol, known as the "stress hormone", helps the body respond to stress.
Childbirth and breastfeeding
Oxytocin triggers uterine contractions during childbirth and milk release during breastfeeding.
Water loss
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) prevents water loss by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys and reducing blood flow to sweat glands.
The endocrine system also regulates how much of each hormone is released, which can depend on hormone levels in the blood, other substances in the blood, stress, infection, and changes in fluid and mineral balance. Too much or too little of any hormone can be harmful to the body.
The endocrine system also regulates how much of each hormone is released, which can depend on hormone levels in the blood, other substances in the blood, stress, infection, and changes in fluid and mineral balance. Too much or too little of any hormone can be harmful to the body
