Answer :
Plasma, the liquid portion of blood, carries a variety of proteins with important functions. Here's a breakdown of the major categories:
* **Albumin:** The most abundant protein in plasma, accounting for roughly 55%. It plays a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure by drawing fluids into the bloodstream. Albumin also acts as a carrier for various substances like fatty acids, hormones, and certain medications.
* **Globulins:** This diverse group of proteins comprises about 38% of plasma proteins. They come in different subtypes (alpha, beta, and gamma) with specific functions:
* **Alpha and Beta Globulins:** Transport molecules like lipids, hormones, and metal ions.
* **Gamma Globulins (Immunoglobulins):** Essential components of the immune system, acting as antibodies to fight against pathogens.
* **Fibrinogen:** This protein makes up around 7% of plasma proteins and is vital for blood clotting. When activated, fibrinogen converts into fibrin, forming a mesh that traps blood cells to create a clot and prevent bleeding.
* **Other Plasma Proteins:** These include a smaller fraction (around 1%) of specialized proteins with various functions:
* **Enzymes:** Facilitate various biochemical reactions within the blood.
* **Complement Proteins:** Part of the immune system, helping to eliminate pathogens and damaged cells.
* **Regulatory Proteins:** Control various physiological processes.
* **Hormones:** Transported in the blood to reach their target organs.
It's important to note that most plasma proteins are synthesized by the liver, with the exception of gamma globulins produced by B lymphocytes. The levels of these proteins can be influenced by various factors like health conditions, diet, and medications.
Hi!
There are several proteins present in the plasma, predominantly of which are mentioned below :
- Albumin
- Globulin
- Fibrinogen
Hope this helps !