Answer:
Hii Sony didi I am in 11th Science but answering you after soo much research cause I don't know the answer.
Hope you mark it as Brainliest If you like it ♥️
Explanation:
This really takes time here is your answer:
PC applications access the internet through several layers of interaction between the application itself, the operating system, and the network infrastructure. Here’s a simplified overview of how this happens:
1. **Application Layer**: The application initiates communication with the internet using protocols such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, etc. For example, a web browser like Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox uses HTTP/HTTPS to request web pages from servers.
2. **Operating System Network Stack**: When the application requests access to the internet, the operating system's network stack comes into play. This stack includes protocols like TCP/IP, UDP, and others. The application sends data to the operating system, which then manages how data is sent over the network.
3. **Network Interface**: The operating system communicates with the network interface (Ethernet adapter, Wi-Fi adapter, etc.) to send and receive data packets. The network interface converts data into electrical signals (for wired connections) or radio signals (for wireless connections) that can be transmitted over the network medium.
4. **Local Network and Routing**: Data packets from the network interface are sent through the local network, which may include routers, switches, and other network devices. The router determines the best path for the packets to reach their destination on the internet.
5. **Internet Service Provider (ISP)**: Once the data packets leave the local network, they are transferred through the ISP’s network. ISPs manage connections between different networks and provide access to the global internet backbone.
6. **Destination Server**: The data packets eventually reach the destination server (e.g., web server, email server) identified by the application. The server processes the request and sends back the requested data (e.g., web page, email).
7. **Response Path**: The response travels back through the same path, and the data is received by the application via the operating system and network stack.
Throughout this process, various protocols ensure that data is transmitted reliably and securely. Applications interact with these layers using APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) provided by the operating system and networking libraries. This allows developers to create applications that can communicate over the internet seamlessly.
