Answer :
Gregor Mendel, a 19th-century Austrian monk, conducted groundbreaking experiments on pea plants that laid the foundation for modern genetics.
1. Mendel's experiments with pea plants focused on studying inheritance patterns of traits such as flower color, seed texture, and plant height.
2. He meticulously controlled the breeding of pea plants by cross-pollination to observe how traits were passed from one generation to the next.
3. Mendel discovered that traits are inherited in discrete units, which he called "factors" or "genes," and that these factors maintain their integrity across generations.
4. He formulated the principles of dominance (where one form of a trait can mask another) and segregation (where alleles segregate independently during gamete formation).
5. Mendel's experiments involved analyzing thousands of pea plants over many years to establish statistical patterns in inheritance.
6. His findings were published in 1866 in "Experiments on Plant Hybridization," but were initially overlooked until rediscovered at the turn of the 20th century.
7. Mendel's work laid the foundation for the field of genetics, providing a systematic approach to understanding heredity that was revolutionary for its time.
8. His experiments demonstrated the existence of predictable patterns of inheritance that could be quantitatively analyzed and described.
9. Mendel's principles of inheritance remain fundamental in genetics today, influencing fields such as agriculture, medicine, and evolutionary biology.
10. His pioneering experiments with pea plants established Mendel as the father of modern genetics, whose insights continue to shape our understanding of biological inheritance.
1. Mendel's experiments with pea plants focused on studying inheritance patterns of traits such as flower color, seed texture, and plant height.
2. He meticulously controlled the breeding of pea plants by cross-pollination to observe how traits were passed from one generation to the next.
3. Mendel discovered that traits are inherited in discrete units, which he called "factors" or "genes," and that these factors maintain their integrity across generations.
4. He formulated the principles of dominance (where one form of a trait can mask another) and segregation (where alleles segregate independently during gamete formation).
5. Mendel's experiments involved analyzing thousands of pea plants over many years to establish statistical patterns in inheritance.
6. His findings were published in 1866 in "Experiments on Plant Hybridization," but were initially overlooked until rediscovered at the turn of the 20th century.
7. Mendel's work laid the foundation for the field of genetics, providing a systematic approach to understanding heredity that was revolutionary for its time.
8. His experiments demonstrated the existence of predictable patterns of inheritance that could be quantitatively analyzed and described.
9. Mendel's principles of inheritance remain fundamental in genetics today, influencing fields such as agriculture, medicine, and evolutionary biology.
10. His pioneering experiments with pea plants established Mendel as the father of modern genetics, whose insights continue to shape our understanding of biological inheritance.
Answer:
Explanation:Gregor Mendel, often referred to as the “Father of Genetics,” conducted experiments on pea plants to understand how traits are inherited. He observed seven characteristics of pea plants, including plant height and seed color, and noticed they were passed down in specific patterns. Mendel’s law of segregation states that individuals possess two alleles and that only one allele can be passed on to offspring. His law of independent assortment suggests that different traits are passed independently of one another. His meticulous work laid the foundation for the field of genetics, although it was not recognized until after his death.